,,MUSIC ,,BRAILLE ,,CODE
                  #AIIG




    ,DEVELOPED UNDER THE ,SPONSORSHIP
      OF THE ,,BRAILLE ,,AUTHORITY
          ,OF ,,NORTH ,,AMERICA



             ,9 #E ,VOLUMES
               ,VOLUME #D
       ,BRAILLE ,PAGES P#A-P#D @&
                #BGC-CGB
         ,PRINT ,PAGES #BCA-CBD



                                     P#A        ,,SPECIAL ,,SYMBOLS ,,US$
            ,,9 ,,? ,,VOLUME

7P47 7PR9T7
7B47 7BRL7
,5 ,NOTES 9 SMALL TYPE


















                  ,,3T5TS
,SEC;N                             ,PAGE
      ,,9/RU;TAL ,,& ,,VOCAL 73T47
#BD4 ,%ORT-,=M ,SCOR+ """"""""""""" #BCA
#BE4 ,MUSIC =! ,A3ORDION """""""""" #BDC
#BF4 ,OR*E/RAL ,SCORES """""""""""" #BDG
  ,! ,TRANSCRIP;N ( ,B& &
      ,OR*E/RAL ,"PS """""""""""""" #BFB
#BG4 ,FIGUR$ ,BASS """""""""""""""" #BFI
  ,A4 ,HORIZONTAL ,=MAT """"""""""" #BFI
  ,B4 ,V]TICAL ,=MAT """""""""""""" #BGF

      ,,=MATS ,,( ,,KEYBO>D ,,MUSIC
,9TRODUC;N """""""""""""""""""""""" #BHC
#BH4 ,ME?ODS ( ,PRES5T,N """""""""" #BHE
  ,B>-,OV]-,B> """""""""""""""""""" #BHE
  ,L9E-,OV]-,L9E """""""""""""""""" #BIG

                ,,APP5DIX
#BI4 ,SEC;N-BY-,SEC;N """"""""""""" #CJA
#CJ4 ,V]TICAL ,SCORE &
    ,B>-BY-,B> """""""""""""""""""" #CJG
  ,V]TICAL ,SCORE """"""""""""""""" #CJG
  ,B>-BY-,B> """""""""""""""""""""" #CJI
                                     P#C#CA4 ,SUB/ITU;N """"""""""""""""""" #CAE
#CB4 ,! 8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0 ,ME?OD """" #CAG





















           ,,MUSIC ,,BRL ,,CODE      #BCA
                 #AIIG

        #BD4 ,,%ORT,'-=M ,,SCOR+
           7,,AM]ICAN ,,/YLE7
               7,TA# #BD7
  #BD.A4 ,%ORT-=M SCOR+ IS A BRL ME?OD (
NOTAT+ *ORD SYMBOLS -POS$ ( LRS1 NUMB]S1
A3ID5TALS & O!R PR9T SYMBOLS4 ,? SY/EM
USES LIT]>Y BRL OR -MON MUSIC SIGNS :]"E
POSSI# R ?AN A SY/EM ( SPECIAL BRL "*S4
,! *ORD SYMBOLS >E (T5 F.D 9 POPUL> &
FOLK MUSIC 9 LIEU (1 OR 9 A4I;N TO1 AN
A3OMPANI;T "P4 ,"! >E S"EAL -B9,NS (
^WS1 *ORDS1 & MUSIC4 ,O3A.N,Y ! *ORDS >E
%[N ) ^WS AL"O2 "S"TS !Y APPE> ) KEYBO>D
MUSIC ONLY1 OR )A MELODY ONLY1 B 9 A
L>GE MAJOR;Y ( CASES !Y O3UR ) ^WS &A
MELODY4 ,X IS = ALL ^! TYPES ( PR9T
SCORES T ! ME?OD DESCRIB$ 9 ,SEC;N #BD
IS DESIGN$4 ,DIAGRAMS (T5 A3OMPANY !
*ORD SYMBOLS B >E N 9CLUD$ 9 !
TRANSCRIP;N4 ,IF REQUE/$1 H["E1 ! *ORD
SYMBOLS US$ 9 A "PICUL> PIECE C 2 LI/$
         #BD4 ,%ORT-,=M ,SCOR+      #BGCSEP>ATELY1 AC 6,P>4 #BC.CJ &       A#BCA
,EXAMPLE #BC.CJ-A4
  #BD.B4 ,! *ORD SYMBOLS >E BRLD 9 A
8FACSIMILE0 ME?OD1 I4E41 9 G5]AL1
SYMBOLS >E BRLD HORIZONT,Y1 UNSPAC$1 9 !
EXACT ORD] %[N 9 PR9T1 ) EXACT LR+1
CAPITALIZ,N1 ETC4 ,"PICUL> DIREC;NS &
EXCEP;NS 6? G5]AL RULE >E GIV5 9 !
FOLL[+ SIX P>AGRAPHS & >E ILLU/RAT$ 9
BRL & PR9T 9 ,TA# #BD4
  #BD.C4 ,ALL LIT]>Y SYMBOLS >E
TRANSCRIB$ 9 LIT]>Y BRL4 ,3TRAC;NS & LR
SIGNS >E N EMPLOY$4 ,CAPITALIZ,N FOLL[S
! PR9T4 ,ALL P]IODS >E OMITT$4
  #BD.D4 ,MUSIC SIGNS >E US$ = A3ID5TALS
& >E BRLD 9 ! ORD] %[N 9 ! PR9T COPY4
  #BD.E4 ,SIGNS = M9US ,'- ;2& PLUS ,'+
;2>E BRLD 9 ! ORD] %[N 9 ! PR9T COPY4
  #BD.F4 ,A 8DROPP$0 ;D IS US$ =! SMALL
CIRCLE1 &A 8DROPP$0 ;D FOLL[$ 0A DOT #C
=! CIRCLE )A SLA% "? X4 ,!Y REPRES5T
RESPECTIVELY1 DIM9I%$ & HALF-DIM9I%$4
,H["E1 IF ! PR9T %[S ! A2REVI,N 8DIM01 X
IS WRITT5 \ Z %[N4
  #BD.G4 7#AA-IG7 ,! NUMB] SIGN IS BRLD2F E NUMB]4 ,9 A V]TICAL           B#BCA
>RANGE;T ( NUMB]S1 ! .L[] NUMB] IS BRLD
F/2 9 A HORIZONTAL >RANGE;T1 ! PR9T COPY
IS FOLL[$4 ,SEE ,EXAMPLE #BD.AD-A4
------------------------------------#BCB
  #BD.H4 ,A SLA% L9E 2T SYMBOLS 7Z 9
,G/,D7 IS TRANSCRIB$ Z DOTS #CD1 &
9DICATES T ! LR FOLL[+ ! L9E REPRES5TS !
BASS NOTE (! *ORD4 ,? BRL PROC$URE IS AL
US$ 69DICATE ! BASS NOTE :5 ! 9=M,N IS
WRITT5 \ 9 FULL4 7,SEE ,EXAMPLE
#BD.AC.B-A47
  #BD.I4 ,": ^WS1 *ORDS &A MELODY >E
PRES5T1 !Y >E -B9$ 9 AN EXP&$ L9E-BY-L9E
=MAT 3SI/+ (A ?REE L9E P>ALLEL4 ,^WS >E
PLAC$ ON ! F/ L9E1 CORRESPOND+ *ORDS ON
! SECOND L9E1 &! CORRESPOND+ MELODY ON !
?IRD L9E4 7,IF A KEYBO>D "P IS PRES5T1 X
IS TRANSCRIB$ SEP>ATELY1 B>-OV]-B>47
  #BD.AJ4 ,! ^W L9E ALW />TS AT ! M>G91
EI )A ^W1 A SYLLA#1 OR A M1SURE NUMB]4
7,NUMB]S1 )A PREFIX1 >E %[N O3A.N,Y AT !
4CRE;N (! TRANSCRIB]1 GOV]N$ MA9LY 0!
PHRAS+4 ,X IS UNDESIRA# 6NUMB] E
             #BD.B--#BD.AJ          #BGEP>ALLEL47 ,PLACE;T ( *ORDS ON !    A#BCB
SECOND L9E IS DICTAT$ 0_! REL,N%IP 6!
^WS4 ,! MELODY L9E ALW />TS 9 ! ?IRD
CELL4 ,A RUNOV] L9E1 -M5C+ 9 ! FIF?
CELL1 MAY 2 US$ 6EXT5D ! MELODY L9E ON
O3A.N1 B N ! ^WS4
  #BD.AA4 7#AA-IG7 ,! ABNORMAL APPE>.E &
SPAC+ ( "S ^WS IS MADE NEC 0! AM.T (
SPACE REQUIR$ =! CORRECT PLACE;T ( EA*
SU3E$+ *ORD SYMBOL4 ,": ! SPACE REQUIR$
0! SYMBOLS NECESSITATES A SEP>,N ( F\R
OR M CELLS 2T ^WS OR SYLLA# DIVI.NS1 A
S]IES ( DOTS #CF IS 9S]T$ 9 ! ^W L9E1 )A
BLANK SPACE 2F & AF ! S]IES4
  #BD.AB4 ,*ORD SYMBOLS >E PLAC$ 9 REL,N
6! ,,^WS1 N 6! MELODY1 &! PLACE;T (!
9ITIAL CAPITAL SIGN ( EA* *ORD 7OR A
HYPH5 PREC$+ X7 IS ! DET]M9+ FACTOR Z
6:E!R ! *ORD IS PLAY$ )1 2F1 DUR+1 OR AF
! ^W OR SYLLA# IS S.D$4 ,ALL PUNCTU,N
M>KS1 9CLUD+ APO/ROPHES1 9 ! ^W L9E >E
4REG>D$ ) RESPECT 6ALIGN;T4 ,USU,Y A
SPACE IS N NEC 2T ! *ORD SYMBOLS1 S9CE !
CAPITAL SIGN OR HYPH5 PREFIX 9DICATES !
2G9N+ (A NEW *ORD4 ,H["E1 ": M ?AN "OCAPITAL LR APPE>S 9 A *ORD NOT,N   B#BCB
7Z 9 ,GNO,D1 OR ,D/,A71 "! %D 2 A SPACE
2T S* *ORD NOT,N &! NEXT4
  #BD.AC4 ,PLACE;T (! *ORD SYMBOLS IS
MADE AC 6! FOLL[+ DIREC;NS3
    #BD.AC.A4 7#AA-IG7 ,": ! *ORD IS
S.D$ .)! RELAT$ ^W OR SYLLA#1 ! 9ITIAL
CAPITAL SIGN (! *ORD IS V]TIC,Y ALIGN$
)! 9ITIAL "* (! SYLLA# 7:E!R A CAPITAL
SIGN OR LR74
------------------------------------#BCC
  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.A-A4 %#D4
,STARS WERE SHINING
,G     ,BM  ,C  ,D
  .::::
IN THE SKY ABOVE1
,C          ,CM
  .EDDE?V<K

    #BD.AC.B4 ,": ! *ORD IS S.D$ .2F !
^W OR SYLLA#1 ! 9ITIAL CAPITAL SIGN (!
*ORD IS PLAC$ TWO SPACES 6! LEFT (!
9ITIAL "* (! ^W 7Z )! SECOND *ORD 9 !
EXAMPLE 2L74
            #BD.AA--#BD.AC.B        #BGG  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.B-A4 <<<#D4       #BCD
,WHY --- DO YOU AND ,I GO
,A<,M#G,F#G/,A     ,B<
  "( XGGGJH"
ON PRE- TENDING8
,G#G/,B ,CM
  "GH G'&@CP'<K

    #BD.AC.C4 ,H["E1 ": A *ORD WD PREC$E
! F/ ^W ON A L9E1 7PREV5T+ ? L9E F />T+
AT ! M>G91 Z REQUIR$7 AN ADJU/;T M/ 2
MADE4 ,USU,Y ! PREC$+ P>ALLEL IS %ORT5$
6! EXT5T NE$$ 9 ORD] 6ALL[ ! NEW ^W L9E
6/>T 9 ! F/ CELL4 ,NO ADJU/;T IS NEC1 (
C\RSE1 IF ! L9E -M;ES )A M1SURE NUMB]1 Z
9 ! NEXT EXAMPLE4 7,A NUMB] %D N 2 9S]T$
>BITR>ILY = ? PURPOSE1 H["E1 DIVI.NS %D
G5],Y 2 MADE ON A MUSICAL BASIS47

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.C-A4 #D4
#I NOW IT'S JUST A  MEMORY1
 ,E#G             ,AM
 U"FF%GF VIJS<K

     #BD.AC.D4 ,": ! *ORD IS S.D$    #BCE
.DUR+ ! SYLLA#1 ! ALIGN;T FACTOR IS A
HYPH54 ,! HYPH51 FOLL[$ )\T A SPACE 0!
CAPITAL SIGN (! *ORD1 IS V]TIC,Y ALIGN$
)! F/ "* (! SYLLA#4

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.D-A4 %#D4
,WHO KNOWS ---- IF WE WILL MEET
,AM#G,AM#G/,D ,G   -,G/,F%
  "$$U VX((@CH!(@CH"
AGAIN8
 -,EM
  .Z)@C T<K

    #BD.AC.E4 ,": A *ORD *ANGE O3URS .)1
& O!RS O3UR .DUR+1 ! SAME SYLLA# 7OR ":
TWO OR M *ANGES TAKE PLACE DUR+ ! SAME
SYLLA#71 ! HYPH5 PREFIX (! SECOND *ORD
7OR ANY A4I;NAL "OS7 _C 2 PLAC$ "U !
2G9N+ (! A6ECT$ SYLLA#4 ,? CAUSES NO
PRO#M =! R1D]1 H["E1 2C ! PREFIX 3T9UES
6ACT Z A 8DUR+0 9DICATOR =! *ORD T
FOLL[S X4

           #BD.AC.C--#BD.AC.E       #BGI  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.E-A4 <<<.C        #BCF
,FAR1 FAR AWAY4
,CM   ,G#G ,CM-,FM-,CM
  "P'G'Z Y@C N<K

    #BD.AC.F4 ,! F/ ^W OR SYLLA# T
FOLL[S A *ORD : IS PREC$$ 0A HYPH5 M/ 2
PLAC$ AT L1/ TWO SPACES 6! "R (! HYPH5 S
T ! NEW ^W OR SYLLA# _C 2COME ALIGN$ OR
ASSOCIAT$ )! PREVI\S *ORD4 ,? MAY
NECESSITATE ! EXT5.N (A SYLLA# )A HYPH5
9 ! .^W L9E1 = EXAMPLE1 ": A *ORD IS
/RUCK DUR+ A "O-CELL SYLLA# OR 3TRAC;N T
O3URS AT ! 2G9N+ (1 OR 9 ! MI4LE (1 A
^W4 7,A SPACE IS N LEFT AF ! ^W HYPH5
UN.S SPACE IS NE$$ = A4I;NAL *ORD
*ANGE47

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.F-A4 #D4
O-PEN YOUR HEARTS TO
-,CM
  "\@C2H<FG\[<K
------------------------------------#BCG
  #BD.AC.G4 ,": ! *ORD IS S.D$ .AF !
SYLLA# OR ^W HAS BE5 REL1S$1 ! 9ITIALCAPITAL SIGN (! *ORD IS PLAC$ "O   A#BCG
SPACE 6! "R (! F9AL LR4 7,SEE ,EXAMPLE
#BD.AC.G-A47 ,IF PREVI\S *ORDAL MAT]IAL
ALR EXT5DS 2Y ! ^W1 ! *ORD FOLL[S ?
MAT]IAL1 )\T SPACE4 7,SEE ,EXAMPLE
#BC.AC.G-B47

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.G-A4 <<.C
NOW AND THEN2
,D          ,G,M#G
  %"G*F]U<K

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AC.G-B4 <<.C
LOVE A- -- WAY4
,DM  ,D<4#G,CM#G,F#G
  "S'\ T'V<K

  #BD.AD4 ,": ^WS & *ORDS APPE> AL"O1 &
NO MUSIC IS PRES5T1 A TWO-L9E P>ALLEL IS
US$1 )! *ORDS ALIGN$ 2N ! RELAT$ SYLLA#S
& ^WS 9 ! /AT$ MANN]4



            #BD.AC.F--#BD.AD        #BHA    ,EXAMPLE #BD.AD-A4              #BCH
,AND ,I'LL TRY  TO  BE SMILING4
     ,G#G  ,DM#G,G#G,F ,EM,DM

  #BD.AE4 ,IF M ?AN "O V]SE IS GIV5 )!
SAME MUSIC 7OR ! SAME ) SLI<T V>I,NS71
ONLY ! F/ "O IS WRITT5 )! *ORDS &
MELODY4 ,A4I;NAL V]SES >E WRITT5 AT ! 5D
(! PIECE 9 A TWO-L9E P>ALLEL 3SI/+ ( ^WS
& *ORDS ONLY4 ,M9OR V>I,NS 9 ! MELODY :
APPLY 6V]SES AT ! 5D (! PIECE MAY 2 %[N
Z AN IN-A3ORD 9 ! MUSIC L9E (! F/ V]SE1
LABELL$ )! V]SE NUMB] 7IN ! MANN] (!
MUSIC L9E ( ,EXAMPLE #BB.BA-A74 ,IF V]SE
& M1SURE NUMB]S APPE> SIMULTANE\SLY1 !
V]SE NUMB] IS PLAC$ "O SPACE 2Y ! M1SURE
NUMB]4 ,M1SURE NUMB]S >E N %[N 9 !
A4I;NAL V]SES WRITT5 9 A TWO-L9E
P>ALLEL4
    #BD.AE.A4 ,": A SECOND V]SE HAS ONLY
A FEW ^WS DI6]5T F ! F/ V]SE1 ! V>I,N
MAY 2 %[N )9 ! F/ V]SE PROVID$ ! ORIG9AL
&! V>I,N C 2 %[N 9 "O BRL L9E4 ,! 9DIC,N
( V]SE NUMB]1 &! V>I,N1 >E 5CLOS$ 9 ^W
SIGNS4 ,! *ORDS >E %[N "U EA* V].N1 B !MELODY IS WRITT5 ONLY ONCE4        A#BCH

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AE.A-A4 <<<.C
,WILL YOU WAIT FOR >V#B COME WITH>
,FM#G     ,B<#G         ,B<#G
  "JJJ("
ME8
-,E<,M#G
  ")@C T<K
------------------------------------#BCI
    #BD.AE.B4 ,IF "! >E A NUMB] ( ^W &
MELODIC V>I,NS PRES5T1 H["E1 EA* V]SE IS
BRLD SEP>ATELY1 9 ! USUAL ?REE-L9E
P>ALLEL4
  #BD.AF4 ,:5 A VOCAL >RANGE;T 3TA9S
MELODY ONLY 7NO PIANO A3OMPANI;T "P7 &
NOTES >E 9CLUD$ 9 ! MELODY = : "! >E NO
^WS1 ^! NOTES %D 2 TRANSCRIB$1 & 5CLOS$
9 MUSIC P>5!SES4
  #BD.AG4 ,9 A PIECE ) V FEW *ORD
9DIC,NS1 X IS POSSI# 6H AN 5TIRE P>ALLEL
) NO *ORD *ANGES %[N4 ,9 T CASE1 ! LA/
*ORD 9 E6ECT 9 ! PREVI\S P>ALLEL IS
REP1T$ 7)9 ^W SIGNS7 AT ! 2G9N+ (! *ORD
             #BD.AE--#BD.AG         #BHCL9E1 V]TIC,Y ALIGN$ )! F/ ^W4      A#BCI
,IF NO ^WS O3UR 9 A P>ALLEL1 8NO ^WS0 IS
PLAC$ AT ! M>G9 (! ^W L9E1 &!
APPROPRIATE NUMB] ( RE/S IS BRLD 9 !
MELODY L9E4
  #BD.AH4 ,*ORDS AT ! 2G9N+ (A S;G MAY 2
H&L$ AC 6! FOLL[+ EXAMPLE3

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AH-A4 #D%#D4
#J ------------------------- ,THE
,B,EMAJ#G,A#F/,E ,EMAJYG,A#F
  VU MMM UV%"H<K
------------------------------------#BDJ
  #BD.AI4 ,IF *ORD SYMBOLS A3OMPANY A
KEYBO>D TRANSCRIP;N T HAS NO ^WS1 ! *ORD
SYMBOLS 3/ITUTE ! BOTTOM L9E (A ?REE-L9E
P>ALLEL4 ,! F/ *ORD 9 EA* M1SURE IS
ALIGN$ )! MUSIC AT ! 2G9N+ (! M1SURE1 B
NO ATTEMPT IS MADE 6ALIGN *ORDS ) B1TS
)9 A M1SURE4

  ,EXAMPLE #BD.AI-A4 <_C
.>"\'IJD<E<F<>"F<F:]<+<[# .Y#*3<L<K'
_>^Q9+W0<\<9+ ''''''''''' ^=9+<L<K'
  ,FMAJ#I,E<#I,G<#I       ,F#I#F  #BD.BJ4 ,*ORD SYMBOLS ) MELODY   A#BDJ
AL"O >E TR1T$ SIMIL>LY 6A KEYBO>D
TRANSCRIP;N4 7,SEE ,EXAMPLE #BD.AI-A
ABV47
  #BD.BA4 7#AA-IG7 ,"S PR9T SYMBOLS1 S*
Z ! SMALL CIRCLE 7DIM9I%$7 & SMALL
CIRCLE )A L9E "? X 7HALF-DIM9I%$71 H
/&>D M1N+S4 ,O!RS H DI6]5T M1N+S 9
DI6]5T PUBLIC,NS2 E4G4 ! SMALL TRIANGLE
&! ITALICIZ$ #G H BE5 US$ 69DICATE MAJOR
SEV5?S & AL DIM9I%$ SEV5?S AC 6DI6]5T
-POS]S4 ,ALL EXPLANATORY MAT]IAL W1 (
C\RSE1 2 9CLUD$ 9 ! TRANSCRIP;N4 ,9
EXAMPLES 7A7 & 7B7 2L1 ! TRIANGLE &!
8ITALICIZ$0 7UNUSUAL7 #G BO? 9DICATE
MAJOR SEV5? *ORDS4 ,9 BO? CASES1 ! M1N+
(! *ORD SYMBOL 0 EXPLA9$ AT ! 2G9N+ (!
PR9T PUBLIC,N4 ,! PREFIX =! "R H& "P :5
9T]VALS R1D UP IS US$ 9 EXAMPLE 7A74 ,9
EXAMPLE 7B71 ! 8NOTES0 >E M]ELY AN
9DIC,N ( RHY?M =A JAZZ GUIT>I/4



             #BD.AH--#BD.BA         #BHE  ,EXAMPLE #BD.BA-A4                #BDA
       7A7 .C
.>>_[+0<[/0"  R+90<K
_> _:" ^\     _N<K
  ,D-#G,G#G<#I,C0

    7B7 #AB8
"JJJJJJ" W'V'<K
,GM ,C#G ,F.#G

  #BD.BB4 ,OBLIQUE L9ES US$ 69DICATE
RHY?MIC /RUMM+ >E O3A.N,Y %[N )A MELODY
)\T ^WS4 ,/RUMM+ SIGNS >E REPRES5T$
0DOTS #C-D1 & >E PLAC$ ON A SEP>ATE L9E
DIRECTLY 2L ! NOTES 6: !Y APPLY4 ,IF
*ORD SYMBOLS AL APPE>1 !Y >E PLAC$ ON !
BOTTOM L9E (A ?REE-L9E P>ALLEL1 ALIGN$
)! 2G9N+ (! M1SURE 9 : !Y O3UR4
------------------------------------#BDB
  ,EXAMPLE #BD.BB-A4 #C4
#J "DE FH@C\DE FH@C\.DE FH@C\FE ?[<K
       /   //  /   / /  /   //  //
       ,C               ,C#G    ,F

  #BD.BC4 ,! FOLL[+ 8,TRANSCRIB]'S,NOTE0 %D 2 9CLUD$ ) ANY           A#BDB
TRANSCRIP;N ( S;GS 3TA9+ *ORD SYMBOLS &
^WS4
  8,! *ORD SYMBOLS 9 ? S;G RELATE 6!
^WS4 ,! POSI;N (! 9ITIAL CAPITAL SIGN 9
EA* *ORD SYMBOL DET]M9ES :E!R ! *ORD IS
PLAY$ 2F1 )1 OR AF ! RELAT$ ^W OR
SYLLA#4 ,IF ! *ORD IS S.D$ .2F1 XS
9ITIAL CAPITAL SIGN IS PLAC$ TWO SPACES
6! LEFT (! 9ITIAL "* (! SYLLA#2 IF .)1
XS CAPITAL IS V]TIC,Y ALIGN$ )! SYLLA#2
& IF .AF1 XS 9ITIAL CAPITAL IS PLAC$ "O
SPACE 6! "R (! F9AL "* (! ^W4 ,PUNCTU,N
M>KS 9 ! ^W L9E H NO BE>+ ON ! RELATIVE
POSI;N (! 9ITIAL SIGN (A *ORD4
  8,IF ! *ORD IS S.D$ .DUR+ A SYLLA#1 !
*ORD'S 9ITIAL CAPITAL SIGN IS PREC$$ 0A
HYPH54 ,! HYPH5 PREFIX S]VES Z ! ALIGN;T
FACTOR1 & IS V]TIC,Y ALIGN$ )! F/ "* (!
SYLLA#4 7,IF ? ALIGN;T IS PREV5T$ 2C A
PREC$+ *ORD IS RELAT$ 6! SAME SYLLA#1 !
HYPH5 PREFIX FOLL[S SD *ORD1 IMMLY47
  8,! ABNORMAL APPE>.E & SPAC+ ( "S ^WS
IS MADE NEC 0! AM.T ( SPACE REQUIR$ =!
             #BD.BB--#BD.BC         #BHGCORRECT PLACE;T ( EA* SU3E$+       B#BDB
*ORD SYMBOL40
    #BD.BC.A4 ,SPECIAL SIGNS US$ 9
TRANSCRIB+ A *ORD1 S* Z A PLUS1 M9US1
SMALL CIRCLE1 SLA% L9E1 ETC41 %D 2 LI/$
& ID5TIFI$ =! R1D]4


















            #BE4 ,,MUSIC ,,= ,,!      #BDC
               ,,A3ORDION
               7,TA# #BE7

  #BE.A4 ,! SIGNS = A3ORDION MUSIC ONLY
BE> _! SPECIAL SIGNIFIC.E :5 ! PASSAGE
IS PREC$$ 0! PREFIX GIV5 9 ,TA# #BE1 :
IS TR1T$ 9 ! SAME MANN] ALR EXPLA9$ = H&
SIGNS 7,P>4 #BJ.A.A--#BJ.A.B74
  #BE.B4 7#AA-IG7 ,= A3ORDION REGI/R,N
SIGNS1 SEE ,TA# #BE 7,B74 ,! REGI/R,N IS
PLAC$ DIRECTLY 9 ! L9E ( MUSIC & IS
FOLL[$ IMMLY 0! NEXT MUSIC "*4 ,IF O!R
REGI/R,N SYMBOLS APPE>1 SIMIL> SIGNS %D
2 DEVIS$ & DESCRIB$ 9 A ,T4,N4
  #BE.C4 ,! SY/EM ( NOT,N "H PRES5T$ IS
ADAPT$ =A PIANO A3ORDION ) SIX R[S (
BUTTONS & APPLIES ONLY 6! LEFT H&1 MUSIC
=! "R H& 2+ WRITT5 9 ! MANN] ALR EXPLA9$
9 ? "W4 7,SEE AL ,SEC;N #BH47
  ,S9CE V>I\S SIZES & MODELS (! 9/RU;T1
Z WELL Z DI6]+ PR9T SY/EMS ( NOT,N1 >E
US$ 9 DI6]5T C.TRIES1 ! PRES5T "W C SET
=? ONLY ! BASIC PR9CIPLES (! BRL NOT,N4
       #BE4 ,MUSIC =! ,A3ORDION    #BHI,! TRANSCRIB] %D MAKE ADJU/;TS =   A#BDC
SPECIAL CASES & PROVIDE A CLE> EXPLAN,N
( ^! 9 ! TRANSCRIP;NS4
  #BE.D4 ,9 PR9T1 ! NOTES (! BASSES 7!
F/ TWO R[S ( BUTTONS7 O3UR 9 ! L[] "P (!
/AFF ) /EMS TURN$ UP4 ,NOTES = *ORDS 7!
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NEXT TWO EXAMPLES4



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          ,,=MATS ,,( ,,KEYBO>D      #BHC
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------------------------------------#BHE
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EA* 9D5T$ L9E M/ H A SPECIAL OCTAVE M>K4




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------------------------------------#BIB
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------------------------------------#BIC
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------------------------------------#BID
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------------------------------------#BIF
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------------------------------------#CJC

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"P (! CELL & >E SEP>AT$ F EA* O!R 0DOTS
#CF2 ! PAGE & /AVE NUMB]S >E WRITT5 9 !
UPP] "P (! CELL 7PREC$$ 0! SIGN ,'"3_7 &
>E SEP>AT$ F EA* O!R 0DOT #C4 ,IF M ?AN
"O /AVE IS 9DICAT$1 ! /AVE NUMB]S >E
SEP>AT$ F EA* O!R 0! SIGN ,'-_4

  ,EXAMPLE #BI.F-A4
#A #1-8 "3#A'A

  7,SEC;N #A4 M1SURES #A-H1 PAGE #A1
/AFF #A47

  #BI.G4 ,IF A SEC;N -M;ES OR 3CLUDES )
AN 9COMPLETE M1SURE1 ! M1SURE NUMB]S 9 !
H1D+ M/ 2 FOLL[$ 0DOT #C )\T AN 9T]V5+
SPACE1 & IF ! F/ SEC;N -M;ES ) AN
              #BI.D--#BI.G          #CEA9COMPLETE M1SURE1 ! BRL CIPH]1     B#CJC
WRITT5 9 ! L[] "P (! CELL1 REPLACES !
NUMB]4
------------------------------------#CJD
  ,EXAMPLE #BI.G-A4
7A7 #B #8'-16' "3#A'B-C

  7,SEC;N #B1 2G9N+ 9 ! MI4LE ( M1SURE
#H1 5D+ 9 ! MI4LE ( M1SURE #AF1 PAGE #A1
/AVES #B & #C47

7B7 #A #0-8' "3#A'A

  7,SEC;N #A1 2G9N+ ) 9COMPLETE M1SURE1
5D+ 9 ! MI4LE ( M1SURE #H1 PAGE #A1 /AVE
#A47

  #BI.H4 ,:5 SEC;NS >E >RANG$ 9DEP5D5TLY
(! PR9T /AVES1 A *ANGE ( /AVE IS %[N 0!
SIGN ,'3L ;2PLAC$ 2T M1SURES4

  ,EXAMPLE #BI.H-A4 <#C4
.>.?"GG.DD<>"\GX]@C 3L .EF]?<>"GH]"
  "(%GHI<K
   ,IF ! M1SURES >E NUMB]$1 !       A#CJD
M1SURE NUMB] FOLL[S ? SIGN4
  #BI.I4 7#AA-IG7 ,EXPRES.N M>KS
REPRES5T$ 0^WS OR A2REVI,NS1 %D 2 PLAC$
9 ! "R-H& "P UN.S !Y OBVI\SLY APPLY 6!
LEFT-H& OR P$AL "PS1 & PIANO P$ALL+ %D 2
TR1T$ Z EXPLA9$ 9 ,P>4 #BJ.F4
  #BI.AJ4 ,MUSIC %>$ 2T ! H&S %D 2 TR1T$
Z %[N 9 ,P>4 #BJ.D--#BJ.D.A4
  #BI.AA4 ,Z M1SURE NUMB]S %D ALW 2 GIV5
9 ! SEC;N H1D+1 ! SY/EM (
REP1TS 0M1SURE NUMB]S EXPLA9$ 9 ,P>4
#AF.BC.A--#AF.BD.A IS RECOMM5D$ = ?
/YLE4
------------------------------------#CJE
  #BI.AB4 ,A FUR!R ME?OD ( A2REVI,N IS
0! USE (! 8SEGNO04 ,? DI6]S F "PIAL
A2REVI,N 9 TWO WAYS3 7A7 ! PASSAGE 6BE
REP1T$ MAY 2 ( ANY L5G? PROVID+ X DOES N
EXCE$ ! L5G? (A SEC;N2 7B7 ! REPETI;N
MAY 2 AT ANY 4T.E F ! ORIG9AL PASSAGE4
  #BI.AC4 ,9 VOCAL MUSIC1 ! M1SURES M/ 2
NUMB]$1 &! NUMB] (! F/ M1SURE 9 EA*
SEC;N M/ 2 PLAC$ AT ! -M;E;T (! F/ L9E (
             #BI.H--#BI.AC          #CEC^WS 9 T SEC;N4                     A#CJE
  #BI.AD4 ,9 VOCAL A3OMPANI;TS1 AN \TL9E
(! VOICE "P %D 2 9CLUD$ 6ASSI/ ! PLAY] 9
MEMORIZ+ 8 "P2 ! VOICE "P M/ 2 GIV5 AF
AN IN-A3ORD SIGN 9 ! "R-H& "P1 ! SIGN
,'"> ;22+ M>K$ 9 E M1SURE4 ,ONLY NOTES1
TIES & RE/S %D 2 GIV5 9 ? \TL9E4

  ,EXAMPLE #BI.AD-A4
  ,ME?OD3 ,SEC;N- BY-,SEC;N <.C
.>'X"1">'X V"?+-"[0-7<>">'M .?+-7"
  .[0-7<>">'UVX"D ;?+777<>.DGGFFE"
  .ED<>">"?"[?'"D ;?/777<>.DHHFFEED<>
  ">"D'&FH.?X"H<K
_>@G- ]'-G-7 7#C<K
------------------------------------#CJF








         #CJ4 ,,V]TICAL ,,SCORE &    #CJG
              ,,B>-BY-B>4

  #CJ.A4 ,^! TWO SY/EMS 7 EXCLUSIVELY
US$ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,K+DOM F AB #AIAE 6AB
#AIFJ1 & AL? !Y 7 REJECT$ 0! ,P>IS
,3F];E ( #AIED1 ! V 3SID]A# PRODUC;N (
BRL MUSIC 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,K+DOM R5D]S A
DESCRIP;N ( !M NEC4 ,C]TA9 M9OR DETAILS
( PROC$URE T5D$ 6V>Y UP 6! PUBLIC,N (
8,KEY 6! ,BRL ,MUSIC ,NOT,N #AIBB0 0!
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& "O OR TWO *ANGES 7 AL BR"\ AB 0! ,P>IS
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6G 96DETAILS 3C]N+ ^! V>I,NS1 &! TWO
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  #CJ.C4 ,! ME?OD IS *IEFLY US$ Z A H&Y
      #BI.AD--#CJ4 ,V]TICAL SCORE   #CEE-PRES.N ( OP5 SCORE 9 VOCAL        A#CJG
MUSIC =! B5EFIT ( ORGANI/S & *OIRMA/]S1
&= HYMN TUNES &! A3OMPANI;TS ( SIMPLE
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  #CJ.D4 ,NO OCTAVE SIGNS >E US$ =! F/
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^! C 2 EXPRESS$ Z 9T]VALS4

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.E-A4 %%.C
  _WL+9,0 ]+0+\L9+.K_E++FGH+"1":EF"1
"[.: _[L0,3"1.:.K^["9-+_:"+9-<K
------------------------------------#CJH
  #CJ.F4 ,:51 Z 9 ORGAN A3OMPANI;TS1 H&
& FOOT SIGNS >E US$1 !Y >E N RE-M>K$ 9 E
*ORD S L;G Z ! NUMB] ( NOTES ASSIGN$
6EA* 9 ! F/ *ORD REMA9S ! SAME4 ,:5
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  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.F-A4 #C4
_>_?+.>9-?9-+?-+9 N'.>"+9-<K
    #CJ.G4 ,! SIGN ,'@> ;2IS (T5    A#CJH
US$ 9 ORGAN A3OMPANI;TS Z AN EQUIVAL5T =
8S5ZA P$40 OR "S SIMIL> DIREC;N4
  #C.H4 ,9 BOOKS ( HYMN TUNES1 ! MELODY
IS F/ GIV5 9 XS 5TIRETY 7PREC$$ 0!
9DIC,N ,'>MEL'_7 Z A GUIDE 6! R1D]1
FOLL[$ 0! -PLETE TEXT 7M>K$ ,'>H'_74
  #CJ.I4 ,9 KEYBO>D MUSIC1 P>AGRAPH+ IS
"S"TS AC 6! PR9T /AVES & "S"TS AC 6!
3T\R (! MUSIC2 B 9 VOCAL MUSIC1 ? LATT]
HAS BE5 ! G5]AL PRACTICE =! B5EFIT (
*OIRMA/]S1 ! P>AGRAPH 2+ USU,Y H1D$ ?US3

            7P#AE1 L#C1 B#B47

    7,PAGE #AE1 L9E #C1 B> #B47

  #CJ.AJ4 ,9 BO? V]TICAL SCORE & B> 0B>1
! SIGN ,'"1 ;2IS ALW US$ Z ! IN-A3ORD
SIGN1 ,'<> ;22+ RES]V$ = M1SURES 9 : "P
(! SCORE IS GIV5 ) M1SURE-DIVI.N &!
REMA9D] )\T ? DEVICE4


             #CJ.D--#CJ.AJ          #CEG                                    #CJI
    ,B>-,BY-,B>
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9/RU;T1 OR ! \TL9E (A SOLO VOICE "P4
  #CJ.AB4 ,! SCORE IS LAID \ HORIZONT,Y1
A M1SURE ( "O "P 2+ FOLL[$ AF AN 9T]V5+
SPACE 0! CORRESPOND+ M1SURE 9 ANO!R "P1
& S ON4 ,! ORD] (! "PS IS F ! L[E/
UPW>D1 & 9T]VALS & IN-A3ORDS >E AL R1D
UPW>D4
  #CJ.AC4 ,! B> L9E 7,'L_7 IS PLAC$ 2T !
HI<E/ "P 9 "O M1SURE &! L[E/ "P 9 !
FOLL[+ M1SURE1 & X HAS A FREE SPACE ON
EI SIDE4 ,! B> L9E FOLL[S E M1SURE (A
PIECE 7EV5 ": ! PR9T HAS D\# B>S ) OR
)\T DOTS7 EXCEPT ! F9AL "O4
  #CJ.AD4 ,! F/ NOTE 9 E M1SURE ( E "P
HAS A SPECIAL OCTAVE M>K4
  #CJ.AE4 ,! ORD] (! "PS IS %[N 0H&1
FOOT OR O!R SIGNS1 S* Z >VOICE' ;2ETC4
,^! >E PLAC$ AT ! -M;E;T (! PIECE & >E N
RE-M>K$ 9 ! SECOND & SU3E$+ M1SURES UN.S
A *ANGE ( 4POSI;N O3URS4  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.AE-A4 .C            A#CJI
  _>_Y9 .>"N++)Y)YED L ^\-7U _W+W0"
U L ^(_+ "O++%YZYZFE L _?97U
"?+$0U<K
------------------------------------#CAJ
  #CJ.AF4 ,": "O (! "PS IS OMITT$1 OR ":
! MUSIC ( "O "P C 2 PLAC$ M 3V5I5TLY ) T
= ANO!R1 ! H& SIGNS >E M>K$ 9 S* A WAY Z
6MAKE ! 4POSI;N (! MUSIC Q CLE>4
  #CJ.AG4 ,MUSIC WRITT5 9 ? ME?OD IS
"S"TS P>AGRAPH$ AC 6! 3T\R (! MUSIC1 B
G5]AL PRACTICE HAS BE5 6BASE ! P>AGRAPH+
ON ! PR9T /AVES4
  #CJ.AH4 ,:5 ALL ! "PS H A M1SURE (
SIL;E1 ONLY "O RE/ IS WRITT51 &=A SIL;E
( M ?AN "O M1SURE1 ! FOLL[+ PROC$URE M/
2 ADOPT$3

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.AH-A4 #C4
  _>_]'(!)DEF .>"[')YZFGH L "]VV
.[VV L #BM L _\9VV "]#VV L _?-VV
"$0VV<K

  #CJ.AI4 ,:5 ! SIL;E IS N 9 ALL "PS1
         ,B>-BY-B> #CJ.AA-CJ.AI     #CEIRE/S >E WRITT5 SEP>ATELY = EA*     A#CAJ
"P4

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.AI-A4 #B4
  ^>^$V _>_$#0V .>"$@C&EDJ L M M
"YF%G%H!JDE L M M .$'"I L _:$ "$%/"
:%# .?@C2DJ'Y L V^[@C M "S@C L
^S<L _P#0-<L "S<L<K
------------------------------------#CAA
  #CJ.BJ4 ,! M1SURE REP1T IS TR1T$ 9
EXACTLY ! SAME MANN] Z ! M1SURE RE/1
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"PS ! SIGN ,'7 ;2IS FOLL[$ IMMLY 0A
FIGURE ) NUM]AL PREFIX4

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.BJ-A4 .C
  _>'<@T<-H-XV .>_- L 7#C L *@)*-
_- L %@(%- _-<K
------------------------------------#CAB

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.BJ-B4 <#C8
  ^>_D*JE _>"DE*J"1"]'@C .>"['@C L
7 7@C "!.GFGFG L _D*JD "DE<J"1"]F
"[('S L ^]' _['0 "]'<K
   #CJ.BA4 ,": "O "P RE/S = M ?AN   A#CAB
F\R M1SURES X IS OMITT$4

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.BA-A4 %%#C4
  _>_\+*37*"?+ .>_E'^(_:*? L 7 L
_>"R' L *"N' L #B L "R'@C L 7 L
M .>"\*?'J L ^]]@W- _F'%#%0="
$/#0:+0<K
------------------------------------#CAC
  #CJ.BB4 ,": A PIECE 2G9S ) ONLY "O "P
7Z 9 A FUGUE71 ! B> L9ES >E OMITT$ UNTIL
! 5D (! M1SURE PREC$+ T 9 : ! SECOND "P
5T]S4

  ,EXAMPLE #CJ.BB-A4 .C
  .>"NO PQ@C ]$:\ "6$EF?.?@C L
_>_RS .>.?T[@C<K







             #CJ.BJ--#CJ.BB         #CFA                                    #CAD























             #CA4 ,,SUB/ITU;N        #CAE

  7,? SY/EM 0 EXT5SIVELY US$ AT ! 2G9N+
(! PRES5T C5TURY B HAS GRADU,Y FALL5
964FAVOR & 0 F9,Y REJECT$ 0! ,P>IS
,3F];E ( #AIED47
  #CA.A4 ,SUB/ITU;N IS A DEVICE US$
6AVOID ! 3T9UAL M>K+ ( OCTAVES 9
PASSAGES : FREQU5TLY *ANGE _! OCTAVE4 ,!
"O 3DI;N = XS USE IS T ! PASSAGE M/ 2 9
NOTES ( EQUAL VALUE4
  #CA.B4 ,A PASSAGE WRITT5 9 SUB/ITU;N
IS LIMIT$ 6A RANGE ( F\R OCTAVES1 !
OCTAVES 2+ %[N 9 ASC5D+ ORD] F ! L[E/
0NOTE VALUES1 ?US3

    L[E/ OCTAVE--EI<?S
    L[] MI4LE OCTAVE--HALVES
    HI<] MI4LE OCTAVE--:OLES
    HI<E/ OCTAVE--QU>T]S

  #CA.C ,! SIGN 9DICAT+ ! -M;E;T (A
PASSAGE ( SUB/ITU;N O3UPIES ?REE
SPACES3
            #CA4 ,SUB/ITU;N         #CFC                                   A#CAE
    7#A7 AN OCTAVE SIGN %[+ ! L[E/
OCTAVE (! PASSAGE2
    7#B7 ! SIGN ,'%
    7#C7 "O (! VALUE SIGNS =M+ ! SECOND
(! SIGNS 9 ,TA# #AC1 %[+ ! VALUE (!
NOTES 9 ! PASSAGE4 ,?US ! SIGN ,'^%L
;29DICATES A PASSAGE ( SIXTE5?S ^: L[E/
NOTE IS 9 ! SECOND OCTAVE4

  ,EXAMPLE #CA.C-A4
7A7 _%LHR(\\(RH<K
7B7 _("H.H;H(.H"H_H<K
------------------------------------#CAF
  #CA.D4 ,RE/S ( ANY VALUE C O3UR 9 A
PASSAGE ( SUB/ITU;N1 B A NOTE ( ANY O!R
VALUE 7OR EV5 (! SAME VALUE DOTT$7 BR+S
X 6AN 5D & M/ 2 PREC$$ 0A SPECIAL OCTAVE
M>K4
  #CA.E4 ,H& SIGNS & EXPRES.N M>KS 7,TA#
#AH 7,B77 R5D] ! RE-M>K+ (! SUB/ITU;N
SIGN NEC UN.S 7AC 6! PRACTICE ( "S
C.TRIES7 !Y >E FOLL[$ 0DOT #C4
  #CA.F4 ,/EM SIGNS ( ANY VALUE MAY 2
US$ 9 A PASSAGE ( SUB/ITU;N4        #CB4 ,,! 8,,NOTE-=-NOTE0    #CAG
                ,,ME?OD

  #CB.A4 ,? IS A ME?OD 9 : 9T]VALS >E
REPLAC$ 0! ACTUAL NOTES : !Y REPRES5T4
,^! NOTES >E WRITT5 Z EI<?S 9 ! L[] "P
(! CELL & >E "!=E DESCRIB$ Z 8SUBNOTES04
,9 ! FOLL[+ EXAMPLE1 7A7 %[S A *ORD
WRITT5 ) 9T]VALS1 7B7 ! SAME *ORD WRITT5
) SUBNOTES4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.A-A4
7A7 >/L.Y#0-<K
7B7 >/L.Y864<K

  ,! FOLL[+ RULES & DIREC;NS >E ADAPT$ F
,P>4 #H.B--#H.H.D S9CE 9 G5]AL !Y APPLY
6! 8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0 ME?OD4
  #CB.B4 ,! DIREC;N 9 : SUBNOTES >E R1D
7UPW>D OR D[NW>D7 DEP5DS V M* ON !
9/RU;T = : ! MUSIC IS WRITT5 & ON !
4POSI;N (! SCORE4 ,": CLEF SIGNS >E US$1
! TRE# CLEF IMPLIES A D[NW>D R1D+ &!
BASS CLEF AN UPW>D R1D+4
           #CB4 ,NOTE-=-NOTE        #CFE  ,EXAMPLE #CB.B-A4 .C             A#CAG
>/L.?6 W8[7\5\4 [4W7?6<K
>#L_?8 $8]4\0$4 ]9:7?8<K
------------------------------------#CAH
  #CB.C4 ,:5 ! MA9 NOTE IS DOTT$1 X IS N
NEC 6PLACE DOTS AF SUBNOTES4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.C-A4 .C
>/L.?'6E8F'4=5F'4Z8 ?''6"(6\6V<K

  #CB.D4 ,:5 ! 4T.E 2T A SUBNOTE &! MA9
NOTE IS GRT] ?AN AN OCTAVE1 ! SUBNOTE M/
H AN OCTAVE M>K4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.D-A4 #C4
>/L.\_0\_9]_0 P'"4<K

  #CB.E ,! OCTAVE RULES = *ORDS ( M ?AN
TWO NOTES >E Z FOLL[S3
    #CB.E.A4 ,IF M ?AN "O SUBNOTE FOLL[S
! MA9 NOTE1 NO OCTAVE M>K IS NE$$ S L;G
Z ANY TWO ADJAC5T SUBNOTES >E LESS ?AN
AN OCTAVE A"P4

    ,EXAMPLE #CB.E.A-A4 #C4         A#CAH
>/L.\80\89]80 P'84<K
------------------------------------#CAI

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.E.A-B4 #C4
>/L.\850\469]580 P'484<K

    #CB.E.B4 ,IF ANY TWO ADJAC5T
SUBNOTES >E AN OCTAVE OR M A"P1 ! SECOND
SUBNOTE M/ H XS PROP] OCTAVE M>K4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.E.B-A4 #C4
>/L.\5_0\4_9]5_0 P'4"4<K

    #CB.E.C4 ,IF A SUBNOTE =MS A UNISON
)! MA9 NOTE1 X M/ H XS PROP] OCTAVE M>K4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.E.C-A4 #C4
>/L.\.8_0\4_9]5_0 P'.6"4<K
------------------------------------#CBJ
  #CB.E.D4 ,IF TWO ADJAC5T SUBNOTES =M A
UNISON1 ! SECOND M/ H XS PROP] OCTAVE
M>K4
  7,N4,B4 ,9 ! LA/ TWO *ORDS (! FOLL[+
             #CB.C--#CB.E.D         #CFGEXAMPLE1 ! 9N] "PS =M AN OCTAVE    A#CBJ
9 ! "O CASE &A UNISON 9 ! O!R47

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.E.D-A4 #C4
>/L.\80_0\6"49]5"50 P'8"84<K

    #CB.F4 ,:5 TWO "PS REPRES5T$
0SUBNOTES CROSS "O ANO!R 9 A *ORD1 !
NOTES : >E1 S 6SP1K1 8\ ( PLACE0 M/ EA*
H XS PROP] OCTAVE M>K1 ! WRITT5 ORD] (!
"PS REMA9+ UN*ANG$4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.F-A4 #C4
>/L.\850\"4"69]"5"80 P'84"4<K
------------------------------------#CBA
  #CB.G4 ,! PR9CIPLE ( D\BL+ US$ )
9T]VALS IS N EMPLOY$ 9 ! 8,NOTE = ,NOTE0
ME?OD EXCEPT 9 PASSAGES ( OCTAVES4 ,"H !
D\BL+ IS %[N 0! REPETI;N (! SUBNOTE AF !
F/ MA9 NOTE (! PASSAGE & XS RE-M>K+ AF !
LA/4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.G-A4 .C
>#L^D44EFGHIJH _DJIHGFED4<K
   #CB.H4 ,9 S* A PASSAGE ! D\B_+   A#CBA
NE$ N 2 9T]RUPT$ 0! O3URR;E ( A3ID5TALS
: WD NORM,Y 2 M>K$ =! SUBNOTE Z WELL Z
=! MA9 NOTE4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.H-A4 <<<#B4
>#L'<^\<88$ <:'<D J<H*^DI9<K
------------------------------------#CBB
  #CB.I4 ,! MOV+-NOTE SIGN MAY 2 US$ 9
8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0 = V OBVI\S CASES4

  ,EXAMPLE #CB.I-A4 .C
7A7  >/L"(6,4 R'6,5,4V<K
7B7  >/L"P4',0Q9',0 &4<K

  #CB.AJ4 ,! D\# MOV+-NOTE SIGN1 H["E1
M/ N 2 US$ 9 ? ME?OD4
  #CB.AA4 ,IF ! MOV+-NOTE SIGN IS
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SUBNOTES >E ^? : APPLY 6WRITT5 NOTES
7,P>4 #B.A.A--#B.A.D71 A REV]SAL (! RULE
GIV5 9 ,P>4 #H.H.C4


             #CB.F--#CB.AA          #CFI  ,EXAMPLE #CB.AA-A4 <<<#F8        A#CBB
>/L.]'7,<.5,"7$'8,.4,*9<K
------------------------------------#CBC
  #CB.AB4 ,X W 2 SE5 T 8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0
9VOLVES A *ANGE ( M1N+ 9 ! FOLL[+ SIGNS3

4 7#BEF7 ! TURN1 9 XS V>I\S =MS
5 ,5 "5 @5 25 7#BF2 #F1 #BF2 #E1 #BF2
    #D1 #BF2 #EF1 #BF7 NOTES 9 SMALL OR
    L>GE TYPE1 & V>I\S ORNA;TS
6 "6 7#BCE2 #E1 #BCE7 ! TRILL1 MORD5T1
    ETC4
7 _7' 7#BCEF2 #DEF1 #BCEF1 #C7 ! REP1T1
    & IRREGUL> GR\P+
8 ,8 "8 ;8 .8 _8 7#BCF2 #F1 #BCF2 #E1
    #BCF2 #EF1 #BCF2 #DF1 #BCF2 #DEF1
    #BCF2 SEE ,TA# #AH 7,A7

  #CB.AC4 ,? DI6ICULTY C 2 MET 9 EI (!
FOLL[+ WAYS3
    7#A7 ,^! SIGNS MAY 2 SEP>AT$ F !
PREC$+ MUSIC TEXT 0! SIGN ,'- 7#CF7 7N
O!RWISE US$ 9 8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0 EXCEPT 7A7
AT ! 2G9N+ (A M1SURE OR (A BRL L9E1 7B7
AF A RE/1 PIANO P$ALL+1 H& OR FOOTSIGNS1 OR M>KS ( EXPRES.N (!       A#CBC
TYPE GIV5 9 ,TA# #AH 7,B774
  7#B7 ,! 9T]VAL SIGNS1 ,'/, +, #, -
7#CF7 ;2& ,'3 7#BE7 ;24PLAC$ 0!
8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0 ME?OD MAY 2 US$ Z
FOLL[S3

/  ! A3IA3ATURA
,/ ! APPO7IATURA
;/ ! TURN 2T NOTES
_/ ! TURN ABV A NOTE
+  ! REP1T1 REPLAC+ ,'7 7#BCEF7
#  ! 9ITIAL SIGN = IRREGUL> GR\P+1
    REPLAC+ ,'_ 7#DEF7
3 "3 ;3 7#BE2 #E1 #BE2 #EF1 #BE7
"3L ;3L ! TRILL & MORD5TS
-  ,- "- ;- .- _- 7#CF2 #F1 #CF2 #E1
    #CF2 #EF1 #CF2 #DF1 #CF2 #DEF1 #CF7
    /A3ATOS1 A35TS ETC4
------------------------------------#CBD
  #CB.AD4 ,! 8,NOTE-=-,NOTE0 ME?OD C
OBVI\SLY 2 US$ 9 ALL MUSIC 9 : 9T]VALS
WD O!RWISE 2 NE$$1 IRRESPECTIVE (!
4POSI;N (! SCORE4
             #CB.AB--#CB.AD         #CGA  #CB.AE4 ,! FOLL[+ /ATE;T %D 2    A#CBD
PLAC$ 9 ! L9E 2L T 3TA9+ ! ME?OD (
4POSI;N (! SCORE 7SEE ,P>4 #AI.B72 !
NUMB]S #A OR #B 9DICAT+ : (! ALT]NATIVES
GIV5 9 ,P>4 #CB.AB IS US$3
    7,NOTE-=-,NOTE-#A7
    7,NOTE-=-,NOTE-#B7